Douglas Arnold - profile revision

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Dr. Douglas Arnold, is a neurologist with special expertise in MRI. His personal research interests are centered on the use of advanced neuro-imaging techniques to assess the pathological evolution of multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease and to quantify the effects of therapy on these diseases.

Selected Publications:

  • Arnold, D. L., Calabresi, P. A., Kieseier, B. C., Liu, S., You, X., Fiore, D., & Hung, S. (2017). Peginterferon beta-1a improves MRI measures and increases the proportion of patients with no evidence of disease activity in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 2-year results from the ADVANCE randomized controlled trial. BMC Neurology, 17(1), 29-017-0799-0. 10.1186/s12883-017-0799-0 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., You, X., & Castrillo-Viguera, C. (2017). Peginterferon beta-1a reduces the evolution of MRI lesions to black holes in patients with RRMS: A post hoc analysis from the ADVANCE study. Journal of Neurology, 264(8), 1728-1734. 10.1007/s00415-017-8544-6 Link to item
  • Aubert-Broche, B., Weier, K., Longoni, G., Fonov, V. S., Bar-Or, A., Marrie, R. A., . . . Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2017). Monophasic demyelination reduces brain growth in children. Neurology, 88(18), 1744-1750. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003884 Link to item
  • Coles, A. J., Cohen, J. A., Fox, E. J., Giovannoni, G., Hartung, H. P., Havrdova, E., . . . CARE-MS II and CAMMS03409 Investigators. (2017). Alemtuzumab CARE-MS II 5-year follow-up: Efficacy and safety findings. Neurology, 89(11), 1117-1126. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004354 Link to item
  • Eisen, A., Greenberg, B. M., Bowen, J. D., Arnold, D. L., & Caggiano, A. O. (2017). A double-blind, placebo-controlled, single ascending-dose study of remyelinating antibody rHIgM22 in people with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 3(4), 2055217317743097. 10.1177/2055217317743097 Link to item
  • Gold, R., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Hutchinson, M., Kappos, L., Havrdova, E., . . . Phillips, T. J. (2017). Long-term effects of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in multiple sclerosis: Interim analysis of ENDORSE, a randomized extension study. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 23(2), 253-265. 10.1177/1352458516649037 Link to item
  • Hauser, S. L., Bar-Or, A., Comi, G., Giovannoni, G., Hartung, H. P., Hemmer, B., . . . OPERA I and OPERA II Clinical Investigators. (2017). Ocrelizumab versus interferon beta-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 376(3), 221-234. 10.1056/NEJMoa1601277 Link to item
  • Havrdova, E., Arnold, D. L., Cohen, J. A., Hartung, H. P., Fox, E. J., Giovannoni, G., . . . CARE-MS I and CAMMS03409 Investigators. (2017). Alemtuzumab CARE-MS I 5-year follow-up: Durable efficacy in the absence of continuous MS therapy. Neurology, 89(11), 1107-1116. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004313 Link to item
  • Kappos, L., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Camm, A. J., Derfuss, T., Sprenger, T., . . . Harada, T. (2017). Two-year results from a phase 2 extension study of oral amiselimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), , 1352458517728343. 10.1177/1352458517728343 Link to item
  • Khoury, S. J., Rochon, J., Ding, L., Byron, M., Ryker, K., Tosta, P., . . . ACCLAIM Study Group. (2017). ACCLAIM: A randomized trial of abatacept (CTLA4-ig) for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 23(5), 686-695. 10.1177/1352458516662727 Link to item
  • Lee, H., Nakamura, K., Narayanan, S., Brown, R., Chen, J., Atkins, H. L., . . . Arnold, D. L. (2017). Impact of immunoablation and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on gray and white matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), , 1352458517715811. 10.1177/1352458517715811 Link to item
  • Lee, H., Narayanan, S., Brown, R. A., Chen, J. T., Atkins, H. L., Freedman, M. S., & Arnold, D. L. (2017). Brain atrophy after bone marrow transplantation for treatment of multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 23(3), 420-431. 10.1177/1352458516650992 Link to item
  • Longoni, G., Brown, R. A., MomayyezSiahkal, P., Elliott, C., Narayanan, S., Bar-Or, A., . . . Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2017). White matter changes in paediatric multiple sclerosis and monophasic demyelinating disorders. Brain : A Journal of Neurology, 140(5), 1300-1315. 10.1093/brain/awx041 Link to item
  • Maranzano, J., Rudko, D. A., Nakamura, K., Cook, S., Cadavid, D., Wolansky, L., . . . Narayanan, S. (2017). MRI evidence of acute inflammation in leukocortical lesions of patients with early multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 89(7), 714-721. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004227 Link to item
  • Montalban, X., Hauser, S. L., Kappos, L., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Comi, G., . . . ORATORIO Clinical Investigators. (2017). Ocrelizumab versus placebo in primary progressive multiple sclerosis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 376(3), 209-220. 10.1056/NEJMoa1606468 Link to item
  • Nantes, J. C., Zhong, J., Holmes, S. A., Whatley, B., Narayanan, S., Lapierre, Y., . . . Koski, L. (2017). Corrigendum to "intracortical inhibition abnormality during the remission phase of multiple sclerosis is related to upper limb dexterity and lesions" [clin. neurophysiol. 127 (2016) 1503-1511. Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 128(2), 393. S1388-2457(16)30998-1 Link to item
  • Nash, R. A., Hutton, G. J., Racke, M. K., Popat, U., Devine, S. M., Steinmiller, K. C., . . . Bowen, J. D. (2017). High-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous HCT for relapsing-remitting MS. Neurology, 88(9), 842-852. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003660 Link to item
  • Schwartzbach, C. J., Grove, R. A., Brown, R., Tompson, D., Then Bergh, F., & Arnold, D. L. (2017). Lesion remyelinating activity of GSK239512 versus placebo in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A randomised, single-blind, phase II study. Journal of Neurology, 264(2), 304-315. 10.1007/s00415-016-8341-7 Link to item
  • Akbar, N., Till, C., Sled, J. G., Binns, M. A., Doesburg, S. M., Aubert-Broche, B., . . . Banwell, B. (2016). Altered resting-state functional connectivity in cognitively preserved pediatric-onset MS patients and relationship to structural damage and cognitive performance. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 22(6), 792-800. 10.1177/1352458515602336 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., Fisher, E., Brinar, V. V., Cohen, J. A., Coles, A. J., Giovannoni, G., . . . CARE-MS I and CARE-MS II Investigators. (2016). Superior MRI outcomes with alemtuzumab compared with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a in MS. Neurology, 87(14), 1464-1472. WNL.0000000000003169 Link to item
  • Atkins, H. L., Bowman, M., Allan, D., Anstee, G., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., . . . Freedman, M. S. (2016). Immunoablation and autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for aggressive multiple sclerosis: A multicentre single-group phase 2 trial. Lancet (London, England), 388(10044), 576-585. 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30169-6 Link to item
  • Banwell, B., Arnold, D. L., Tillema, J. M., Rocca, M. A., Filippi, M., Weinstock-Guttman, B., . . . Sormani, M. P. (2016). MRI in the evaluation of pediatric multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 87(9 Suppl 2), S88-96. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000002787 Link to item
  • Brown, R. A., Narayanan, S., Stikov, N., Cook, S., Cadavid, D., Wolansky, L., & Arnold, D. L. (2016). MTR recovery in brain lesions in the BECOME study of glatiramer acetate vs interferon beta-1b. Neurology, 87(9), 905-911. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003043 Link to item
  • Cohen, J. A., Arnold, D. L., Comi, G., Bar-Or, A., Gujrathi, S., Hartung, J. P., . . . RADIANCE Study Group. (2016). Safety and efficacy of the selective sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator ozanimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RADIANCE): A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. The Lancet.Neurology, 15(4), 373-381. 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)00018-1 Link to item
  • Giovannoni, G., Gold, R., Kappos, L., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Marantz, J. L., . . . Lee, A. (2016). Delayed-release dimethyl fumarate and disability assessed by the multiple sclerosis functional composite: Integrated analysis of DEFINE and CONFIRM. Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 2, 2055217316634111-Dec. 10.1177/2055217316634111 Link to item
  • Kappos, L., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Camm, J., Derfuss, T., Kieseier, B. C., . . . Harada, T. (2016). Safety and efficacy of amiselimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis (MOMENTUM): A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. The Lancet.Neurology, 15(11), 1148-1159. 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30192-2 Link to item
  • Karimaghaloo, Z., Arnold, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2016). Adaptive multi-level conditional random fields for detection and segmentation of small enhanced pathology in medical images. Medical Image Analysis, 27, 17-30. 10.1016/j.media.2015.06.004 Link to item
  • Nantes, J. C., Zhong, J., Holmes, S. A., Whatley, B., Narayanan, S., Lapierre, Y., . . . Koski, L. (2016). Intracortical inhibition abnormality during the remission phase of multiple sclerosis is related to upper limb dexterity and lesions. Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 127(2), 1503-1511. S1388-2457(15)00762-2 Link to item
  • Newsome, S. D., Kieseier, B. C., Arnold, D. L., Shang, S., Liu, S., Hung, S., & Sabatella, G. (2016). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses of annualized relapse rate over 2 years in the ADVANCE trial of peginterferon beta-1a in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, 263(9), 1778-1787. 10.1007/s00415-016-8182-4 Link to item
  • Rudko, D. A., Derakhshan, M., Maranzano, J., Nakamura, K., Arnold, D. L., & Narayanan, S. (2016). Delineation of cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis using multi-surface magnetization transfer ratio imaging. NeuroImage.Clinical, 12, 858-868. 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.010 Link to item
  • Scott, T. F., Kieseier, B. C., Newsome, S. D., Arnold, D. L., You, X., Hung, S., & Sperling, B. (2016). Improvement in relapse recovery with peginterferon beta-1a in patients with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 2, 2055217316676644-Dec. 10.1177/2055217316676644 Link to item
  • Till, C., Noguera, A., Verhey, L. H., O'Mahony, J., Yeh, E. A., Mah, J. K., . . . Banwell, B. L. (2016). Cognitive and behavioral functioning in childhood acquired demyelinating syndromes. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 22(10), 1050-1060. S1355617716000308 Link to item
  • Voskuhl, R. R., Wang, H., Wu, T. C., Sicotte, N. L., Nakamura, K., Kurth, F., . . . Elashoff, R. (2016). Estriol combined with glatiramer acetate for women with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. The Lancet.Neurology, 15(1), 35-46. 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00322-1 Link to item
  • Weier, K., Fonov, V., Aubert-Broche, B., Arnold, D. L., Banwell, B., & Collins, D. L. (2016). Impaired growth of the cerebellum in pediatric-onset acquired CNS demyelinating disease. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 22(10), 1266-1278. 10.1177/1352458515615224 Link to item
  • Weier, K., Till, C., Fonov, V., Yeh, E. A., Arnold, D. L., Banwell, B., & Collins, D. L. (2016). Contribution of the cerebellum to cognitive performance in children and adolescents with multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 22(5), 599-607. 10.1177/1352458515595132 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., Li, D., Hohol, M., Chakraborty, S., Chankowsky, J., Alikhani, K., . . . Kremenchutzky, M. (2015). Evolving role of MRI in optimizing the treatment of multiple sclerosis: Canadian consensus recommendations. Multiple Sclerosis Journal - Experimental, Translational and Clinical, 1, 2055217315589775-Dec. 10.1177/2055217315589775 Link to item
  • De Stefano, N., & Arnold, D. L. (2015). Towards a better understanding of pseudoatrophy in the brain of multiple sclerosis patients. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 21(6), 675-676. 10.1177/1352458514564494 Link to item
  • Ghassemi, R., Brown, R., Banwell, B., Narayanan, S., Arnold, D. L., & Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Study Group. (2015). Quantitative measurement of tissue damage and recovery within new T2w lesions in pediatric- and adult-onset multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 21(6), 718-725. 10.1177/1352458514551594 Link to item
  • Ghassemi, R., Brown, R., Narayanan, S., Banwell, B., Nakamura, K., & Arnold, D. L. (2015). Normalization of white matter intensity on T1-weighted images of patients with acquired central nervous system demyelination. Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging, 25(2), 184-190. 10.1111/jon.12129 Link to item
  • Grover, S. A., Aubert-Broche, B., Fetco, D., Collins, D. L., Arnold, D. L., Finlayson, M., . . . Yeh, E. A. (2015). Lower physical activity is associated with higher disease burden in pediatric multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 85(19), 1663-1669. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001939 Link to item
  • Guizard, N., Coupe, P., Fonov, V. S., Manjon, J. V., Arnold, D. L., & Collins, D. L. (2015). Rotation-invariant multi-contrast non-local means for MS lesion segmentation. NeuroImage.Clinical, 8, 376-389. 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.05.001 Link to item
  • Guizard, N., Nakamura, K., Coupe, P., Fonov, V. S., Arnold, D. L., & Collins, D. L. (2015). Non-local means inpainting of MS lesions in longitudinal image processing. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 9, 456. 10.3389/fnins.2015.00456 Link to item
  • Harmouche, R., Subbanna, N. K., Collins, D. L., Arnold, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2015). Probabilistic multiple sclerosis lesion classification based on modeling regional intensity variability and local neighborhood information. IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering, 62(5), 1281-1292. 10.1109/TBME.2014.2385635 Link to item
  • Kappos, L., Wiendl, H., Selmaj, K., Arnold, D. L., Havrdova, E., Boyko, A., . . . Elkins, J. (2015). Daclizumab HYP versus interferon beta-1a in relapsing multiple sclerosis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 373(15), 1418-1428. 10.1056/NEJMoa1501481 Link to item
  • Karimaghaloo, Z., Rivaz, H., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2015). Temporal hierarchical adaptive texture CRF for automatic detection of gadolinium-enhancing multiple sclerosis lesions in brain MRI. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 34(6), 1227-1241. 10.1109/TMI.2014.2382561 Link to item
  • Kieseier, B. C., Arnold, D. L., Balcer, L. J., Boyko, A. A., Pelletier, J., Liu, S., . . . Calabresi, P. A. (2015). Peginterferon beta-1a in multiple sclerosis: 2-year results from ADVANCE. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 21(8), 1025-1035. 10.1177/1352458514557986 Link to item
  • Nakamura, K., Brown, R. A., Narayanan, S., Collins, D. L., Arnold, D. L., & Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. (2015). Diurnal fluctuations in brain volume: Statistical analyses of MRI from large populations. Neuroimage, 118, 126-132. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.077 Link to item
  • Nash, R. A., Hutton, G. J., Racke, M. K., Popat, U., Devine, S. M., Griffith, L. M., . . . Bowen, J. D. (2015). High-dose immunosuppressive therapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (HALT-MS): A 3-year interim report. JAMA Neurology, 72(2), 159-169. 10.1001/jamaneurol.2014.3780 Link to item
  • Viglietta, V., Miller, D., Bar-Or, A., Phillips, J. T., Arnold, D. L., Selmaj, K., . . . Gold, R. (2015). Efficacy of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Integrated analysis of the phase 3 trials. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, 2(2), 103-118. 10.1002/acn3.148 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., Calabresi, P. A., Kieseier, B. C., Sheikh, S. I., Deykin, A., Zhu, Y., . . . Hung, S. (2014). Effect of peginterferon beta-1a on MRI measures and achieving no evidence of disease activity: Results from a randomized controlled trial in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. BMC Neurology, 14, 240-014-0240-x. 10.1186/s12883-014-0240-x Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., Gold, R., Kappos, L., Bar-Or, A., Giovannoni, G., Selmaj, K., . . . Dawson, K. T. (2014). Effects of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate on MRI measures in the phase 3 DEFINE study. Journal of Neurology, 261(9), 1794-1802. 10.1007/s00415-014-7412-x Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., Gold, R., Kappos, L., Bar-Or, A., Giovannoni, G., Selmaj, K., . . . Dawson, K. T. (2014). Magnetization transfer ratio in the delayed-release dimethyl fumarate DEFINE study. Journal of Neurology, 261(12), 2429-2437. 10.1007/s00415-014-7504-7 Link to item
  • Aubert-Broche, B., Fonov, V., Narayanan, S., Arnold, D. L., Araujo, D., Fetco, D., . . . Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2014). Onset of multiple sclerosis before adulthood leads to failure of age-expected brain growth. Neurology, 83(23), 2140-2146. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001045 Link to item
  • Brown, R. A., Narayanan, S., & Arnold, D. L. (2014). Imaging of repeated episodes of demyelination and remyelination in multiple sclerosis. NeuroImage.Clinical, 6, 20-25. 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.06.009 Link to item
  • Brown, R. A., Narayanan, S., Banwell, B., Arnold, D. L., & Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2014). Magnetization transfer ratio recovery in new lesions decreases during adolescence in pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis patients. NeuroImage.Clinical, 6, 237-242. 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.09.003 Link to item
  • Calabresi, P. A., Kieseier, B. C., Arnold, D. L., Balcer, L. J., Boyko, A., Pelletier, J., . . . ADVANCE Study Investigators. (2014). Pegylated interferon beta-1a for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (ADVANCE): A randomised, phase 3, double-blind study. The Lancet.Neurology, 13(7), 657-665. 10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70068-7 Link to item
  • Derakhshan, M., Caramanos, Z., Narayanan, S., Arnold, D. L., & Louis Collins, D. (2014). Surface-based analysis reveals regions of reduced cortical magnetization transfer ratio in patients with multiple sclerosis: A proposed method for imaging subpial demyelination. Human Brain Mapping, 35(7), 3402-3413. 10.1002/hbm.22410 Link to item
  • Ghassemi, R., Narayanan, S., Banwell, B., Sled, J. G., Shroff, M., Arnold, D. L., & Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2014). Quantitative determination of regional lesion volume and distribution in children and adults with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. PloS One, 9(2), e85741. 10.1371/journal.pone.0085741 Link to item
  • Kappos, L., Gold, R., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Giovannoni, G., Selmaj, K., . . . Dawson, K. T. (2014). Quality of life outcomes with BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: The DEFINE study. Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 20(2), 243-252. 10.1177/1352458513507817 Link to item
  • Nakamura, K., Brown, R. A., Araujo, D., Narayanan, S., & Arnold, D. L. (2014). Correlation between brain volume change and T2 relaxation time induced by dehydration and rehydration: Implications for monitoring atrophy in clinical studies. NeuroImage.Clinical, 6, 166-170. 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.08.014 Link to item
  • Quintana, F. J., Patel, B., Yeste, A., Nyirenda, M., Kenison, J., Rahbari, R., . . . Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2014). Epitope spreading as an early pathogenic event in pediatric multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 83(24), 2219-2226. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001066 Link to item
  • Sormani, M. P., Arnold, D. L., & De Stefano, N. (2014). Reply: To PMID 24006277. Annals of Neurology, 75(3), 463-464. 10.1002/ana.24111 Link to item
  • Sormani, M. P., Arnold, D. L., & De Stefano, N. (2014). Treatment effect on brain atrophy correlates with treatment effect on disability in multiple sclerosis. Annals of Neurology, 75(1), 43-49. 10.1002/ana.24018 Link to item
  • Trojan, D. A., Narayanan, S., Francis, S. J., Caramanos, Z., Robinson, A., Cardoso, M., & Arnold, D. L. (2014). Brain volume and fatigue in patients with postpoliomyelitis syndrome. PM & R : The Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation, 6(3), 215-220. 10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.09.009 Link to item
  • Arbuckle, T. E., Kubwabo, C., Walker, M., Davis, K., Lalonde, K., Kosarac, I., . . . Arnold, D. L. (2013). Umbilical cord blood levels of perfluoroalkyl acids and polybrominated flame retardants. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 216(2), 184-194. 10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.03.004 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., Narayanan, S., & Antel, S. (2013). Neuroprotection with glatiramer acetate: Evidence from the PreCISe trial. Journal of Neurology, 260(7), 1901-1906. 10.1007/s00415-013-6903-5 Link to item
  • Bar-Or, A., Gold, R., Kappos, L., Arnold, D. L., Giovannoni, G., Selmaj, K., . . . Dawson, K. T. (2013). Clinical efficacy of BG-12 (dimethyl fumarate) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Subgroup analyses of the DEFINE study. Journal of Neurology, 260(9), 2297-2305. 10.1007/s00415-013-6954-7 Link to item
  • Brown, R. A., Narayanan, S., & Arnold, D. L. (2013). Segmentation of magnetization transfer ratio lesions for longitudinal analysis of demyelination and remyelination in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage, 66, 103-109. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.10.059 Link to item
  • Chen, J. T., Easley, K., Schneider, C., Nakamura, K., Kidd, G. J., Chang, A., . . . Trapp, B. D. (2013). Clinically feasible MTR is sensitive to cortical demyelination in MS. Neurology, 80(3), 246-252. 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31827deb99 Link to item
  • Darlington, P. J., Touil, T., Doucet, J. S., Gaucher, D., Zeidan, J., Gauchat, D., . . . Canadian MS/BMT Study Group. (2013). Diminished Th17 (not Th1) responses underlie multiple sclerosis disease abrogation after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Annals of Neurology, 73(3), 341-354. 10.1002/ana.23784 Link to item
  • Elliott, C., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2013). Temporally consistent probabilistic detection of new multiple sclerosis lesions in brain MRI. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 32(8), 1490-1503. 10.1109/TMI.2013.2258403 Link to item
  • Freedman, M. S., Selchen, D., Arnold, D. L., Prat, A., Banwell, B., Yeung, M., . . . Canadian Multiple Sclerosis Working Group. (2013). Treatment optimization in MS: Canadian MS working group updated recommendations. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences.Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques, 40(3), 307-323. 84P4UN8517837765 Link to item
  • Garcia-Lorenzo, D., Francis, S., Narayanan, S., Arnold, D. L., & Collins, D. L. (2013). Review of automatic segmentation methods of multiple sclerosis white matter lesions on conventional magnetic resonance imaging. Medical Image Analysis, 17(1), 1-18. 10.1016/j.media.2012.09.004 Link to item
  • Karimaghaloo, Z., Rivaz, H., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2013). Adaptive voxel, texture and temporal conditional random fields for detection of gad-enhancing multiple sclerosis lesions in brain MRI. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention : MICCAI …International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, 16(Pt 3), 543-550. Link to item
  • Nakamura, K., Guizard, N., Fonov, V. S., Narayanan, S., Collins, D. L., & Arnold, D. L. (2013). Jacobian integration method increases the statistical power to measure gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis. NeuroImage.Clinical, 4, 10-17. 10.1016/j.nicl.2013.10.015 Link to item
  • O'Mahony, J., Bar-Or, A., Arnold, D. L., Sadovnick, A. D., Marrie, R. A., Banwell, B., & Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2013). Masquerades of acquired demyelination in children: Experiences of a national demyelinating disease program. Journal of Child Neurology, 28(2), 184-197. 10.1177/0883073812443006 Link to item
  • Till, C., Racine, N., Araujo, D., Narayanan, S., Collins, D. L., Aubert-Broche, B., . . . Banwell, B. (2013). Changes in cognitive performance over a 1-year period in children and adolescents with multiple sclerosis. Neuropsychology, 27(2), 210-219. 10.1037/a0031665 Link to item
  • Verhey, L. H., Signori, A., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Sadovnick, A. D., Marrie, R. A., . . . Sormani, M. P. (2013). Clinical and MRI activity as determinants of sample size for pediatric multiple sclerosis trials. Neurology, 81(14), 1215-1221. 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a6cb9b Link to item
  • Antel, J., Antel, S., Caramanos, Z., Arnold, D. L., & Kuhlmann, T. (2012). Primary progressive multiple sclerosis: Part of the MS disease spectrum or separate disease entity? Acta Neuropathologica, 123(5), 627-638. 10.1007/s00401-012-0953-0 Link to item
  • Cohen, J. A., Coles, A. J., Arnold, D. L., Confavreux, C., Fox, E. J., Hartung, H. P., . . . CARE-MS I investigators. (2012). Alemtuzumab versus interferon beta 1a as first-line treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet (London, England), 380(9856), 1819-1828. 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61769-3 Link to item
  • Coles, A. J., Twyman, C. L., Arnold, D. L., Cohen, J. A., Confavreux, C., Fox, E. J., . . . CARE-MS II investigators. (2012). Alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: A randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet (London, England), 380(9856), 1829-1839. 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61768-1 Link to item
  • Fuentes, A., Collins, D. L., Garcia-Lorenzo, D., Sled, J. G., Narayanan, S., Arnold, D. L., . . . Till, C. (2012). Memory performance and normalized regional brain volumes in patients with pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 18(3), 471-480. 10.1017/S1355617711001913 Link to item
  • Gold, R., Kappos, L., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Giovannoni, G., Selmaj, K., . . . DEFINE Study Investigators. (2012). Placebo-controlled phase 3 study of oral BG-12 for relapsing multiple sclerosis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 367(12), 1098-1107. 10.1056/NEJMoa1114287 Link to item
  • Karimaghaloo, Z., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2012). Hierarchical conditional random fields for detection of gad-enhancing lesions in multiple sclerosis. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention : MICCAI …International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, 15(Pt 2), 379-386. Link to item
  • Karimaghaloo, Z., Shah, M., Francis, S. J., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2012). Automatic detection of gadolinium-enhancing multiple sclerosis lesions in brain MRI using conditional random fields. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 31(6), 1181-1194. 10.1109/TMI.2012.2186639 Link to item
  • Sadaka, Y., Verhey, L. H., Shroff, M. M., Branson, H. M., Arnold, D. L., Narayanan, S., . . . Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2012). 2010 McDonald criteria for diagnosing pediatric multiple sclerosis. Annals of Neurology, 72(2), 211-223. 10.1002/ana.23575 Link to item
  • Banwell, B., Bar-Or, A., Arnold, D. L., Sadovnick, D., Narayanan, S., McGowan, M., . . . Marrie, R. A. (2011). Clinical, environmental, and genetic determinants of multiple sclerosis in children with acute demyelination: A prospective national cohort study. The Lancet.Neurology, 10(5), 436-445. 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70045-X Link to item
  • Comi, G., Cohen, J. A., Arnold, D. L., Wynn, D., Filippi, M., & FORTE Study Group. (2011). Phase III dose-comparison study of glatiramer acetate for multiple sclerosis. Annals of Neurology, 69(1), 75-82. 10.1002/ana.22316 Link to item
  • Garcia-Lorenzo, D., Prima, S., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Barillot, C. (2011). Trimmed-likelihood estimation for focal lesions and tissue segmentation in multisequence MRI for multiple sclerosis. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 30(8), 1455-1467. 10.1109/TMI.2011.2114671 Link to item
  • Shah, M., Xiao, Y., Subbanna, N., Francis, S., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2011). Evaluating intensity normalization on MRIs of human brain with multiple sclerosis. Medical Image Analysis, 15(2), 267-282. 10.1016/j.media.2010.12.003 Link to item
  • Verhey, L. H., Branson, H. M., Shroff, M. M., Callen, D. J., Sled, J. G., Narayanan, S., . . . Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Network. (2011). MRI parameters for prediction of multiple sclerosis diagnosis in children with acute CNS demyelination: A prospective national cohort study. The Lancet.Neurology, 10(12), 1065-1073. 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70250-2 Link to item
  • Caramanos, Z., Fonov, V. S., Francis, S. J., Narayanan, S., Pike, G. B., Collins, D. L., & Arnold, D. L. (2010). Gradient distortions in MRI: Characterizing and correcting for their effects on SIENA-generated measures of brain volume change. Neuroimage, 49(2), 1601-1611. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.08.008 Link to item
  • Derakhshan, M., Caramanos, Z., Giacomini, P. S., Narayanan, S., Maranzano, J., Francis, S. J., . . . Collins, D. L. (2010). Evaluation of automated techniques for the quantification of grey matter atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neuroimage, 52(4), 1261-1267. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.029 Link to item
  • Elliott, C., Francis, S. J., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2010). Bayesian classification of multiple sclerosis lesions in longitudinal MRI using subtraction images. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention : MICCAI …International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, 13(Pt 2), 290-297. Link to item
  • Johnson, K. P., Fox, R. J., & Arnold, D. L. (2010). Seeing injectable ms therapies differently: They are more similar than different. Neurology, 74(8), 702. 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c77773 Link to item
  • Karimaghaloo, Z., Shah, M., Francis, S. J., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Arbel, T. (2010). Detection of gad-enhancing lesions in multiple sclerosis using conditional random fields. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention : MICCAI …International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, 13(Pt 3), 41-48. Link to item
  • Levesque, I. R., Sled, J. G., Narayanan, S., Giacomini, P. S., Ribeiro, L. T., Arnold, D. L., & Pike, G. B. (2010). Reproducibility of quantitative magnetization-transfer imaging parameters from repeated measurements. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 64(2), 391-400. 10.1002/mrm.22350 Link to item
  • Pasquini, M. C., Griffith, L. M., Arnold, D. L., Atkins, H. L., Bowen, J. D., Chen, J. T., . . . Saccardi, R. (2010). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple sclerosis: Collaboration of the CIBMTR and EBMT to facilitate international clinical studies. Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation : Journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 16(8), 1076-1083. 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.03.012 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., & Goodin, D. S. (2009). Magnetic resonance imaging as a surrogate for treatment effect on multiple sclerosis relapses. Annals of Neurology, 65(3), 237-238. 10.1002/ana.21639 Link to item
  • Caramanos, Z., DiMaio, S., Narayanan, S., Lapierre, Y., & Arnold, D. L. (2009). (1)H-MRSI evidence for cortical gray matter pathology that is independent of cerebral white matter lesion load in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 282(1-2), 72-79. 10.1016/j.jns.2009.01.015 Link to item
  • Doucet, J., Tague, B., Arnold, D. L., Cooke, G. M., Hayward, S., & Goodyer, C. G. (2009). Persistent organic pollutant residues in human fetal liver and placenta from greater montreal, quebec: A longitudinal study from 1998 through 2006. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(4), 605-610. 10.1289/ehp.0800205 Link to item
  • Fox, R. J., & Arnold, D. L. (2009). Seeing injectable MS therapies differently: They are more similar than different. Neurology, 72(23), 1972-1973. 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181a92c82 Link to item
  • Garcia-Lorenzo, D., Lecoeur, J., Arnold, D. L., Collins, D. L., & Barillot, C. (2009). Multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation using an automatic multimodal graph cuts. Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention : MICCAI …International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, 12(Pt 2), 584-591. Link to item
  • Giacomini, P. S., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., & Antel, J. P. (2009). Defining multiple sclerosis treatment response with magnetic resonance imaging: How much activity is too much? Archives of Neurology, 66(1), 19-20. 10.1001/archneurol.2008.529 Link to item
  • Giacomini, P. S., Levesque, I. R., Ribeiro, L., Narayanan, S., Francis, S. J., Pike, G. B., & Arnold, D. L. (2009). Measuring demyelination and remyelination in acute multiple sclerosis lesion voxels. Archives of Neurology, 66(3), 375-381. 10.1001/archneurol.2008.578 Link to item
  • Kemp, A. S., Grossberg, G. T., Romano, S. J., Arnold, D. L., Ryan, J. M., Bullock, R., & Streiner, D. L. (2009). Trial designs likely to meet valid long-term alzheimer's disease progression effects: Learning from the past, preparing for the future. International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 2009, 10.4061/2009/949271. 10.4061/2009/949271 Link to item
  • Sankar, T., Kuznetsov, Y. E., Ryan, R. W., Caramanos, Z., Antel, S. B., Arnold, D. L., & Preul, M. C. (2009). The metabolic epicenter of supratentorial gliomas: A 1H-MRSI study. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences.Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques, 36(6), 696-706. Link to item
  • Trojan, D. A., Arnold, D. L., Shapiro, S., Bar-Or, A., Robinson, A., Le Cruguel, J. P., . . . Da Costa, D. (2009). Fatigue in post-poliomyelitis syndrome: Association with disease-related, behavioral, and psychosocial factors. PM & R : The Journal of Injury, Function, and Rehabilitation, 1(5), 442-449. 10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.03.003 Link to item
  • Chen, J. T., Collins, D. L., Atkins, H. L., Freedman, M. S., Arnold, D. L., & Canadian MS/BMT Study Group. (2008). Magnetization transfer ratio evolution with demyelination and remyelination in multiple sclerosis lesions. Annals of Neurology, 63(2), 254-262. 10.1002/ana.21302 Link to item
  • Fordyce, C. B., Gagne, D., Jalili, F., Alatab, S., Arnold, D. L., Da Costa, D., . . . Trojan, D. A. (2008). Elevated serum inflammatory markers in post-poliomyelitis syndrome. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 271(1-2), 80-86. 10.1016/j.jns.2008.03.015 Link to item
  • Gedamu, E. L., Collins, D. L., & Arnold, D. L. (2008). Automated quality control of brain MR images. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI, 28(2), 308-319. 10.1002/jmri.21434 Link to item
  • Ghassemi, R., Antel, S. B., Narayanan, S., Francis, S. J., Bar-Or, A., Sadovnick, A. D., . . . Canadian Pediatric Demyelinating Disease Study Group. (2008). Lesion distribution in children with clinically isolated syndromes. Annals of Neurology, 63(3), 401-405. 10.1002/ana.21322 Link to item
  • Giacomini, P. S., & Arnold, D. L. (2008). Non-conventional MRI techniques for measuring neuroprotection, repair and plasticity in multiple sclerosis. Current Opinion in Neurology, 21(3), 272-277. 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328300525b Link to item
  • Hauser, S. L., Waubant, E., Arnold, D. L., Vollmer, T., Antel, J., Fox, R. J., . . . HERMES Trial Group. (2008). B-cell depletion with rituximab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 358(7), 676-688. 10.1056/NEJMoa0706383 Link to item
  • Sankar, T., Caramanos, Z., Assina, R., Villemure, J. G., Leblanc, R., Langleben, A., . . . Preul, M. C. (2008). Prospective serial proton MR spectroscopic assessment of response to tamoxifen for recurrent malignant glioma. Journal of Neuro-Oncology, 90(1), 63-76. 10.1007/s11060-008-9632-3 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L. (2007). Evidence for neuroprotection and remyelination using imaging techniques. Neurology, 68(22 Suppl 3), S83-90; discussion S91-6. 68/22_suppl_3/S83 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L. (2007). The place of MRI in monitoring the individual MS patient. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 259(1-2), 123-127. S0022-510X(07)00164-5 Link to item
  • Bar-Or, A., Vollmer, T., Antel, J., Arnold, D. L., Bodner, C. A., Campagnolo, D., . . . Garren, H. (2007). Induction of antigen-specific tolerance in multiple sclerosis after immunization with DNA encoding myelin basic protein in a randomized, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 trial. Archives of Neurology, 64(10), 1407-1415. 64.10.nct70002 Link to item
  • Dhib-Jalbut, S., Arnold, D. L., Cleveland, D. W., Fisher, M., Friedlander, R. M., Mouradian, M. M., . . . Yong, V. W. (2006). Neurodegeneration and neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 176(1-2), 198-215. Link to item
  • Kalra, S., & Arnold, D. L. (2006). Magnetic resonance spectroscopy for monitoring neuronal integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 576, 275-82; discussion 361-3. 10.1007/0-387-30172-0_19 Link to item
  • Kalra, S., Tai, P., Genge, A., & Arnold, D. L. (2006). Rapid improvement in cortical neuronal integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis detected by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging. Journal of Neurology, 253(8), 1060-1063. 10.1007/s00415-006-0162-7 Link to item
  • Narayanan, S., Francis, S. J., Sled, J. G., Santos, A. C., Antel, S., Levesque, I., . . . Arnold, D. L. (2006). Axonal injury in the cerebral normal-appearing white matter of patients with multiple sclerosis is related to concurrent demyelination in lesions but not to concurrent demyelination in normal-appearing white matter. Neuroimage, 29(2), 637-642. S1053-8119(05)00541-0 Link to item
  • Tartaglia, M. C., & Arnold, D. L. (2006). The role of MRS and fMRI in multiple sclerosis. Advances in Neurology, 98, 185-202. Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L. (2005). Changes observed in multiple sclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging reflect a focal pathology distributed along axonal pathways. Journal of Neurology, 252 Suppl 5, v25-9. 10.1007/s00415-005-5005-4 Link to item
  • Biernacki, K., Antel, J. P., Blain, M., Narayanan, S., Arnold, D. L., & Prat, A. (2005). Interferon beta promotes nerve growth factor secretion early in the course of multiple sclerosis. Archives of Neurology, 62(4), 563-568. 62/4/563 Link to item
  • Caramanos, Z., & Arnold, D. L. (2005). Evidence for use of glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis. The Lancet.Neurology, 4(2), 74-5; discussion 76-7. S1474442205009749 Link to item
  • Caramanos, Z., Narayanan, S., & Arnold, D. L. (2005). 1H-MRS quantification of tNA and tCr in patients with multiple sclerosis: A meta-analytic review. Brain : A Journal of Neurology, 128(Pt 11), 2483-2506. awh640 Link to item
  • Filippi, M., Falini, A., Arnold, D. L., Fazekas, F., Gonen, O., Simon, J. H., . . . White Matter Study Group. (2005). Magnetic resonance techniques for the in vivo assessment of multiple sclerosis pathology: Consensus report of the white matter study group. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI, 21(6), 669-675. 10.1002/jmri.20336 Link to item
  • Levesque, I., Sled, J. G., Narayanan, S., Santos, A. C., Brass, S. D., Francis, S. J., . . . Pike, G. B. (2005). The role of edema and demyelination in chronic T1 black holes: A quantitative magnetization transfer study. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI, 21(2), 103-110. 10.1002/jmri.20231 Link to item
  • Brass, S. D., Narayanan, S., Antel, J. P., Lapierre, Y., Collins, L., & Arnold, D. L. (2004). Axonal damage in multiple sclerosis patients with high versus low expanded disability status scale score. The Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences.Le Journal Canadien Des Sciences Neurologiques, 31(2), 225-228. Link to item
  • Tartaglia, M. C., Narayanan, S., Francis, S. J., Santos, A. C., De Stefano, N., Lapierre, Y., & Arnold, D. L. (2004). The relationship between diffuse axonal damage and fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Archives of Neurology, 61(2), 201-207. 10.1001/archneur.61.2.201 Link to item
  • Antel, S. B., Collins, D. L., Bernasconi, N., Andermann, F., Shinghal, R., Kearney, R. E., . . . Bernasconi, A. (2003). Automated detection of focal cortical dysplasia lesions using computational models of their MRI characteristics and texture analysis. Neuroimage, 19(4), 1748-1759. S105381190300226X Link to item
  • Bernasconi, N., Andermann, F., Arnold, D. L., & Bernasconi, A. (2003). Entorhinal cortex MRI assessment in temporal, extratemporal, and idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia, 44(8), 1070-1074. 64802 Link to item
  • Kalra, S., Cashman, N. R., Caramanos, Z., Genge, A., & Arnold, D. L. (2003). Gabapentin therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Lack of improvement in neuronal integrity shown by MR spectroscopy. AJNR.American Journal of Neuroradiology, 24(3), 476-480. Link to item
  • Kalra, S., Genge, A., & Arnold, D. L. (2003). A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled evaluation of corticoneuronal response to intrathecal BDNF therapy in ALS using magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Feasibility and results. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Motor Neuron Disorders : Official Publication of the World Federation of Neurology, Research Group on Motor Neuron Diseases, 4(1), 22-26. V1B00Y3JAV9HG88G Link to item
  • Kuznetsov, Y. E., Caramanos, Z., Antel, S. B., Preul, M. C., Leblanc, R., Villemure, J. G., . . . Arnold, D. L. (2003). Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging can predict length of survival in patients with supratentorial gliomas. Neurosurgery, 53(3), 565-74; discussion 574-6. Link to item
  • Laule, C., Vavasour, I. M., Whittall, K. P., Oger, J., Paty, D. W., Li, D. K., . . . Arnold, D. L. (2003). Evolution of focal and diffuse magnetisation transfer abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, 250(8), 924-931. 10.1007/s00415-003-1115-z Link to item
  • Antel, S. B., Bernasconi, A., Bernasconi, N., Collins, D. L., Kearney, R. E., Shinghal, R., & Arnold, D. L. (2002). Computational models of MRI characteristics of focal cortical dysplasia improve lesion detection. Neuroimage, 17(4), 1755-1760. S1053811902913121 Link to item
  • Arnold, D. L., & Matthews, P. M. (2002). MRI in the diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis. Neurology, 58(8 Suppl 4), S23-31. Link to item
  • De Stefano, N., Narayanan, S., Francis, S. J., Smith, S., Mortilla, M., Tartaglia, M. C., . . . Arnold, D. L. (2002). Diffuse axonal and tissue injury in patients with multiple sclerosis with low cerebral lesion load and no disability. Archives of Neurology, 59(10), 1565-1571. noc10304 Link to item
  • Paty, D. W., & Arnold, D. L. (2002). The lesions of multiple sclerosis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 346(3), 199-200. 10.1056/NEJM200201173460311 Link to item
  • Santos, A. C., Narayanan, S., de Stefano, N., Tartaglia, M. C., Francis, S. J., Arnaoutelis, R., . . . Arnold, D. L. (2002). Magnetization transfer can predict clinical evolution in patients with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, 249(6), 662-668. 10.1007/s00415-002-0686-4 Link to item

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